Compare and Contrast the Social Responsibility Theory

COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE AUTHORITARIAN hypothesis WITH THE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY THEORY OF THE PRESS. The push also known as the fourth e cite plays a very critical role in educating, informing, entertaining and bridging the gap surrounded by the mass fraternity and the executive, judicial and legislative. Hence what is more(prenominal) essential is its status on policy and choice of guess, which is a system of law same propositions and set of ideas that guide action or predict a consequence.The inclination of this research is to comp atomic number 18, that is to put side by side and to contrast, and that is state the dissimilitude between the tyrannous system with the cordial responsibility theory of the press. in that respect is not much of a hint of comparison between the Authoritarian theory and the social responsibility theory, in that the light upont beat of the peremptory theory is designed to protect the status quo and existing social place mainly biased to wards the ruling elite and those that are in authority.The autocratic press is under state control and heaps more driveway with the globe media firearm the social responsibility of the press thrives on nation and principles of public service media which seek to cater for minorities, the so c every last(predicate)ed mass community of interests and ordinary people. Unlike the autocratic theory of the press, the social responsibility gameyway directly gets its funding from the public through licensing and this is true mainly for the electronic media.The tyrannical on one hand regards the role of the press to be that of nation building and propaganda and as a mouth piece for the ones in authority, hence the main source of funding is the ruling elite and the judicature. both(prenominal) the authoritarian and social responsibility theory seek to communicate to an audience, parley is absolutely essential to effective leadership and press. The leader must be able to share knowle dge and ideas to transmit a sense of requirement and en thuslyiasm to early(a)s. If a leader cant get a message across clearly and motivate otherwises to act on it, and so having a message doesnt even matter.This is the true hummer and peck of the authoritarian set by governmental leaders due to the cosmos that repetition is the rule of long and deep lasting impressions. This is a propagandistic mode of communication to drive home a particular message. The state sets up censorship boards and agents to regulate and monitor the operations of the media in the authoritarian theory, issues of censorship and punishment for diversion from rules that are set by political leaders and authorities are central in this theory.It thrives on censorship and repression of wantondom of expression as exemplified by the enactment of the draconian laws such as exoteric Order and Security function chapter 117 (POSA), the Access To Information and Protection of Privacy Act Chapter 1027 (AIPPA), The Broadcasting Services Act Chapter 1206 and the Criminal Law (Codification and reform) Act in the nation of Zimbabwe. Basically there is no diversity on coverage, which is catering for all tastes and interests. The social responsibility theory of the press tho is not rigid and allows for exemptdom of expression and thus catering for all tastes and interests.The socially responsible press takes something complicated and makes it simple to understand to layman, compared to the authoritarian which propagandises all development and feeds the masses with what the ruling elite desires to propagate that is government policy. I would like to believe that the authoritarian believes audiences are passive partakers of information whereas the social responsibility adheres to the substantiality that people are active consumers and do have a choice of what media to consume.This is seen with the geographical universality of provision and reception, thus encouraging competition in programs and freedom to broadcasters, more over there is room for feedback and diversity while the authoritarian to a lesser stage diversifies to push government policy and agenda. The major criticism against the authoritarian theory is that it does not create a viable atmosphere and environment for free expression and diversity which are essential elements for any democratic and free society hence the principles for the social responsibility theory may dissent from country to country.What is important to understand is that the public service concept is opposed to the authoritarian, propagandist mode. Radio dialogue and other community radio initiatives are using legitimate path of giving people a real taste of media diversity and thus getting them involved They bring members of the community together, record their discussions and distribute this material on CDs. When people hear themselves they get excited about media issues. Authoritarian control tended to be exercised in arbitrary, err atic ways.Sometimes, considerable freedom might exist to publicize nonage military positionpoints and culture as long as authorities dont perceive a direct threat to their power. Unlike social responsibility theory, authoritarian theory doesnt prioritize cultivation of a homogeneous, national culture. It only requires acquiescence (compliance) to regime elite. This perspective also held that ruthless elites could use media as a means of gaining personal political power. These demagogues could manipulate media to transmit propaganda to fuel hatred and solicitude among a majority, unite them against minorities, e. g. s Hitler used the media to arouse hatred against the Jews. The approach shotible responsibility Theory of the Press, emphasize the need for an independent press that scrutinizes other social institutions and provides objective, accurate news reports. The most innovative feature of favorable Responsibility theory was its call for media to be responsible for fosterin g generative and creative Great Communities. It said that media should do this by prioritizing cultural pluralism- by becoming the voice of all the people- not just elite groups or groups that had dominated national, regional or local culture in the past.Dennis McQuail in 1987 summarized the basic principles of social responsibility theory as the following 1. Media should harmonize and fulfil certain obligations to society. 2. These obligations are mainly to be met by background knowledge high or professional standards of in formativeness, truth, accuracy, objectivity and balance. 3. in evaluate and applying these obligations, media should be self-regulating within the framework of law and established institutions. 4. the media should annul whatever might lead to crime, violence or civil disorderliness or give offense to minority groups. . the media as a alone should be plura inclining and reflect the diversity of their society, giving access to various points of view and to chastises of reply. 6. Society and the public have a right to expect high standards of performance and intervention can be justified to secure the public right(a). 7. Journalists and media professionals should be accountable to society as well as to employers and the market. sociable Responsibility theory has proved quite durable. Most journalists take in earnest the central values of social Responsibility theory such as luralism and cultural diversity However the state of affairs is not so with the authoritarian theory of the press. Unlike the Authoritarian theory, the social responsibility theory of the press takes hid and pays cognisance to peoples right to true information- the right of people to express themselves freely through the media of communication and the journalistic consignment to objective reality this aims to provide public with adequate material to serve the formation of an accurate and comprehensive picture of the world.The journalists social responsibility i s also of the essence, this emphasizes the fact that journalistic information is social good not just a commodity. When it comes to the Journalists professional law dealing especially with rights not to work against personal conviction and other matters of personal ethics. The social responsibility theory of the press has respect for such, while the Authoritarian theory has no regard for such values and ethics. morals is a practise of moral behaviour by individuals, governments and social institutions.Ethics is more to do with principles concerning the rights and wrong of conduct, principles which have some reason theoretical stern which therefore apply objectively and impartially. Besley & Chadwich 1992 The Social responsibility theory of the press in contrast to the Authoritarian theory has respect for, Public access and participation, this includes the right of rectification and reply, respect for privacy and Human Dignity, respect for the Public interest.This relates to respe ct for the national community, in democratic institutions and public morals, respect of universal Values and diversity of cultures. This calls for respect for human rights, social progress, national liberation, peace, democracy, excretory product of War and other great evils confronting humanity. This calls for abstention from justifying aggression, arms proliferation, violence, hatred, discrimination, promotion of a New World information and communication order. This is directed especially at the need for decolonization and democratization of information and communication.After all said and through with(p) my conviction is that the Authoritarian theory in contrast with Social Responsibility theory does not encourage media practitioners to see themselves as front-line participants in the mesh to preserve democracy in a world drifting unrelentingly toward tyranny. This gives rise and room to fear amongst media operators and infringes on the right of freedom of expression, the lis t of people who have been arrested for exercising their right to freedom of expression is long.In celestial latitude 2008, for example, Jestina Mukoko, Director of the Zimbabwe Peace Project, was abducted and tortured. Members of Woman of Zimbabwe Arise (WOZA) are harassed, intimidated, assaulted and arrested on a regular basis. Okay Machisa, the Executive Director of Zimbabwe Human Rights Association (ZIMRIGHTS) was arrested in March 2010 for organising reflections an exhibition of pictures of victims of the 2008 political violence. Geoff Nyarota was arrested for exposing some foul play at the Mazda industry formerly Ford motors.